Descriptive Essay Goodbye Dad - 1360 Words

The heels of my shoes were clomping against the smoky blue floor, and the overpowering malodour of musky medicines, infused me with a sense of fear and even disgust. The subtle yellow walls didn’t make me feel welcome, and every time I brushed passed them, they filled me with a repugnant anxious feeling. The hairs on my arms were sticking up, and a chill ran down my spine from the coldness occupying the hallways. I saw my father lay still on the crisp white bed sheets, and my mother stuck by his side, gushing out tears. Each step closer I took, the raging fire inside me was slowly making me crumble. I couldn’t bear to look at my mother’s saddened face, let alone the vanishing of my father. But I would not leave him without saying goodbye. I stroked my father’s hair in a final and optimistic attempt to restore the once healthy smile, but now his weaknesses consumed him. â€Å"Goodbye Dad, I have always loved you. Thank you for guiding me on my journey to a dulthood and success. Thank you for everything. Your heart was always filled with love and happiness, and your mouth always spoke great words of wisdom†¦and I swear I will live by them till my light fades away. I love you so much dad. Rest In Peace†. As mum and I drove home listening to the agonising pain of silence, the sunrays began to fracture from the thick morning clouds, slowly engulfing the open expanse with natural sunlight. Except, the only thing that was still waiting to be cast by a light, was the darkness thatShow MoreRelatedQuotes For Catcher In The Rye2003 Words   |  9 Pagesbad terms I want to know it will be the last time I’ll be there. I want to say goodbye to all the troubles and failures I found at Pencey before I can move on with my life. At first glance, Holden is trying to find closure about his short time at Pencey. He wants to let go of all his failures on his own term. Of course, the school is expelling him on their terms, but Holden wants to physically leave and say goodbye on his terms. At a deeper glance, however, Holden wants to feel some sort of clarityRead MoreAlternative Learning Systems9735 Words   |  39 Pagesa safe place for the students to connect personal experiences to sociological material. On the final day of class, after holding informal evaluations, both instructors hugged their students. Gretchen asked her students for permission to hug them goodbye, in an effort to not inappropriately exert her authority as an instructor. However, one of the students replied that of course she could hug them because ‘‘we do not have cooties.’’ Therefore, Gretchen’s attempt to be sensitive to their possible pastRead MoreW1 Active Adj14109 Words   |  57 Pagesauthor These frequency markers added to the headwords in the dictionary give users access to a wealth of information that can help the selection of the appropriate word or phrase in a variety of situations. Not only are the words and meanings given descriptive labels, for example formal or informal, AmE (American English) or BrE (British English), humorous, old-fashioned, but now they have the added information about relative frequency in spoken and written language. Take for example the verb book (inRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagesskills, responsibility, working conditions, and effort. 76 DID YOU KNOW? Chapter 3 Equal Employment Opportunity EEOC Reaches Out to Young Workers Remember your first job? The one where you received your first real pay that wasn’t from Mom and Dad? If you’re like most young workers, there’s a lot you probably didn’t know about the world of work at that point. Many young workers are shy about even asking how much they make per hour and find out only when they receive that first check. discussed

The Pathology Of Multiple Sclerosis - 1727 Words

The Pathology of Multiple Sclerosis Introduction Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a neurologic disease that affects the Central Nervous System (CNS) through cellular immune response and the demyelination of CNS white matter (McCance et al., 2014, pp. 630–633). The initial causes of MS are unknown however, it is believed that it could possibly be due to an immune response to an initiating infection or an autoimmune response to CNS antigens on the myelin itself (Brà ¼ck, 2005) (Miljković and Spasojević, 2013). MS is a result of the degradation of the myelin sheath surrounding neurons and therefore disrupts the transmission of action potentials along these cells. MS can display itself in the form of symptoms ranging from muscle weakness to trouble with sensation and coordination (NHS, 2016). The degradation of myelin leads the body to attempt to remyelinate the neurons, a process that in turn leads to the thickening of the cell by glial cells and this causes lesions to form (Chari, 2007). It is this thickening (sclerae) from which the disease gets its name. Sufferers of MS can either have a relapsing type of MS, in which there are episodes that lead to the worsening of symptoms for a period of time, or a progressive type of MS where symptoms gradually progress and worsen (McCance et al., 2014, pp. 630–633). Manifestations Within the Body and Pathophysiology MS is characterized by the destruction of myelin, inflammation in the CNS and the formation of lesions in the CNS.Show MoreRelatedThe Mechanics Of Multiple Sclerosis Essay1689 Words   |  7 Pagesthe real expressions of Multiple Sclerosis. These neurological symptoms were first identified in the early 14th and 15th centuries. The immune system attacks the myelin of the brain spinal cord causing a cessation or misinterpretation of communication with the rest of the body. Due to this destruction or damage to the myelin, scar tissue forms and there central nervous system cannot communicate with the body effectively. This is the mechanics of Multiple Sclerosis, a disease that affectsRead MoreEssay on An Overview of Multiple Sclerosis2251 Words   |  10 PagesAn overview of the chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease: Multiple sclerosis BACKGROUND The central nervous system (CNS) comprises grey matter, which contains neuron cell bodies and white matter, which contains the nerve axons. Most of the nerve axons are concentrically wrapped around by lipid-rich biological membrane, known as the myelin sheath. In the CNS, myelin is produced by oligodendrocyte. a type of glial cell. (Pfeiffer et al., 1993). These electrical insulating, multilamellar membranesRead MoreEssay On Astrocytic Hamartomas930 Words   |  4 Pagesvariety of other lesions associated with pathologies, thus further testing must be performed in order to move forward with treatment. They can be easily confused as optic nerve drusen if they originate from the optic nerve head, resulting in the importance of optical coherence technology for diagnosis3. The application of optical coherence technology allows visualization of the different layers of the optic nerve head to differentiate the two pathologies. Astrocytic hamartomas are associated withRead More Patalogy of the Central Nevrvous System: Multiple Sclerosis1213 Words   |  5 PagesMultiple Sclerosis: Pathology of the Central Nervous System Multiple Sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that commonly found in individuals between the ages of 20 and 40. While men with MS tend to have a faster progressing disease, women are more likely than men to develop it. MS comes in many forms due to the extent of the damage and the amount of lesions, along with how quickly it progresses. All of this collectively forms the MS community today and has resulted in new test methods and forms ofRead MoreSpeech Amyotrophic Lateral Disease : Is A Chronic And Terminal Disease That Affects The Lower And Upper Motor Neurons1725 Words   |  7 Pagesthat is being used to slow down this disease. â€Æ' Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis In The United States In this decade, there have been several fatal diseases that have affected many Americans in the United States. Some of these diseases are easily curable, and others are terminal with no current treatments. One of these diseases that remain without a cure is Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis or Lou Gehrig’s disease is a chronic, terminal and unchangeably lethal neurodegenerativeRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Multiple Sclerosis1215 Words   |  5 PagesMultiple sclerosis, or MS, is a chronic, autoimmune, and degenerative disease of the central nervous system. Its etiology is unknown, but a combination of environmental and genetic factors is likely responsible for its development. MS occurs when one’s immune system attacks the fatty protein myelin, which insulates and protects the axons of oligodendrocytes in the brain and spinal cord. Damage to this sheath can cause the miscommunication between these oligodendrocytes and the rest of the bodyRead MoreDiagnosis And Management Of Patients Suffering From Neurological Disease3148 Words   |  13 Pagesaid in the diagnosis and management of patients suffering from neurological disease. This experiment investigates the mechanisms behind two pathologies pertaining to channelopathies and demyelination: epilepsy and multiple sclerosis. This is done using a patch clamp technique, a laboratory technique in electrophysiology that allows the study of single or multiple ion channels in cells. Conditions were simulated using computer software to test the hypothesized mechanism behind epilepsy with understandingRead MoreEssay On Image Processing977 Words   |  4 Pagesapplications towards diseased brain, 2) investigating the relationship between brain structure and function and cognitive performance in both healthy and diseased brain such as multiple sclerosis (MS), 3) investigating the neurophysiological bases of brain white matter signals; 4) developing potential biomarker fo r multiple sclerosis using iron sensitive MRI measures. Past Research: My PhD thesis combined the development of MRI methods and their applications to patients with MS. The main goal was toRead MoreDementi A Clinical State Caused By Neurodegeneration Essay720 Words   |  3 Pages dementia with Lewy bodies, and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). 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Macroscopically the lesion was whitish to grayish, more

Matching Personality to Jobs for Management - MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Write about theMatching Personality to Jobs for Management. Answer: Organizations devote significant amount of resources in the bid to establish and maintain an excellent fit between their employees and their jobs. This is because organizations have realized that some people are better suited to perform better at a certain job that others depending on their personality. There are numerous theories such as the Hollands theory and concepts such as big five personality traits which link an individuals personality and job performance. As per Robbins, (2017), person-organization fit can be defined as the agreement between the patterns and values of an organization and values of an individual in an organization. The culture of an organization influences the personality of employees regarding job performance. It is an open secret in an organization, different roles and tasks require a different set of skills and personal aptitudes which are tied to personality. Not every temperament can lead one to be a motivating leader, a front line customer contact or a specialist. It is imperative to understand that every position in an organization must be filled with a suitable personality trait. At present, organizations have realized the importance of personality in matching people to jobs (Daft, 2008). This paper focuses on the significance of personality in matching people to jobs vis--vis the theories and concepts that revolve around Person-organization fit. Benefits of Personality in Matching People to Jobs In this current era, most of the employees in organizations are fond of not staying for long because of being poached. Employees search for jobs which offer better pays and better work conditions while at the same time working for other organizations. This makes employee retention a major problem to most organizations. Instead of jeopardizing an organizations finances by offering employees large pay packs in the bid to retain them, allocating tasks and duties to employees which are in tandem with the personality will assist organizations have increased retentions rates (Daft, Kendrick and Vershinina, 2010). It is evident that when an employee clear fits to in a role and a companys culture, there is nothing that can drive such an employee away. Retention efforts should commence after the hiring of a new employee. Hiring the best person for a job is the first way to have sustainable retention efforts. With an effective job match system, retention cannot be a problem since it has been d ecided long before a hiring started. Matching peoples personality to a job ensures that there is an increased overall performance of a company. Currently, it is presumed that more of seventy percent of business leaders see retention and engagement as the biggest problems in organizations. It should be noted that creating the right workforce starts by building the right team which comes as result of right hiring where people's personality is matched to the job positions. In the process of building a team or filling a position, it is imperative that attention is paid to the personality traits that will shine in the roles of the job. This act is not only wise but also it is as important as considering training and skills of individuals. Matching the right skills and the right personality to a job position ensures that a company depicts a successful staff. As pointed out by Zichy and Bidou, (2007), matching an individual personality to a job makes an organization to thrive and be more profitable. Case in point, when an organization reduces the money spent on retention issues, a lot of money is saved which can be channeled to other programs aimed at expanding a business. With a job matching system regarding personality, an organization can capitalize on the human resources management. Consequently, when the right employees are hired for a job that suits their personality, an organization will save time and resources trying to motivate their employees since motivation comes out naturally. With such motivated employees new ideas which are good for an organization will be developed hence improving the overall performance of an organization. Turnover cost is aptly reduced when the jobs positions filled in accordance to a personality of individuals. Hiring individuals who can just fit a position due to qualifications is a temporary solution to a bigger and long-term problem. In this case, it will not be long until such an individual gives up that job to search for another in which an individual is comfortable with. This is extremely expensive for a company where a retention becomes costly for a company. Therefore, an organization should consider using a job matching system in the first hiring process to avoid costly retention problems. According to Robbins et al., (2013) more than sixty two percent of organization are using job matching systems when hiring. John Holland's Theory of Career Choice According to John Holland's Theory of Career Choice, careers are majorly determined by the interaction between the personality of a person and an organizations environment (Feller, Honaker, and Zagzebski, 2001). As per this theory, it is evident that people prefer jobs in which they are around people who are like just them. Individuals usually are in dire search of organizations which provides an environment that will enable them utilize their skills, abilities and can express their attitudes while at the same time tackle problems that come about their duties with ease (Miller and Bass, 2003). John Holland's Theory of Career Choice is depended on the fact that peoples personality falls in six types of personalities. People with a realistic personality are fond of working with tools and machines and repelled by social activities such as teaching. Investigative personality is one that ties an individual who is fond of problem-solving and avoid leading and directing people. Artistic personality is one that depicts creativity especially in arts, and people who fall in this type of personality do not like highly ordered or perform repetitive activities. People who fall into social personality see themselves as helping and trustworthy people and they are also good at giving information. People with an enterprising personality like to lead and persuade people while those with conventional personality are orderly and are good at setting plans. Personality encompasses a persons relatively stable feelings, thoughts as well as behavior patterns. Every individual has a different personality that makes everyone to be different from the other. When one understands a persons personality, is the surest way of having clues about how a personality can be able to behave in a variety of situations. Having this knowledge is imperative for organizations as they can be able to understand the big five personality traits that encompasses neuroticism, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and openness (Klimstra et al., 2012). Openness refers to the extent in which an individual is curious, creative, original and intellectual. Those who are endowed with openness can be valuable to an organization as they are flexible and they can learn new things very fast. They are highly motivated to acquire news skills and perform well in a training setting. Conscientiousness dictates the degree to which a person is punctual, organized, systematic, dependable and achievement-oriented. People with this personality are valuable to organizations as they are highly motivated. Extraversion is a personality trait that explains how a person is sociable, talkative and outgoing. This type of people is effective at work since they can enjoy creative friendship. People with Agreeableness as a personality trait concerning how a person can get along with others. Those with high degree of Agreeableness make great leaders and they can create a fair environment for everyone. Lastly, neuroticism refers to the extent to which a person is moody temperamental and irritable. People who depict high levels of this personality are hard to maintain a good work relationship with others. In closing, the ability to effectively match a persons skills and personality to a specific job is vital for any organization. If at all an organization is facing a dynamic and changing environment, then it is imperative that such an organization hunt for employees who can easily change tasks and maneuver easily within teams. With references to John Holland's Theory of Career Choice and big five personality traits, an organization which get the right type of employees makes an organization to be competent and register a high performance. References Daft, R. (2008).New Era of Management. 1st ed. Cengage Learning EMEA, p.572. Daft, R., Kendrick, M. and Vershinina, N. (2010).Management. 1st ed. Cengage Learning EMEA, p.544. Feller, R.W., Honaker, S.L. Zagzebski, L.M. 2001, "Theoretical voices directing the career development journey: Holland, Harris-Bowlsbey, and Krumboltz",The Career Development Quarterly,vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 212-224. Klimstra, T.A., Luyckx, K., Germeijs, V., Meeus, W.H., J. Goossens, L. 2012, "Personality Traits and Educational Identity Formation in Late Adolescents: Longitudinal Associations and Academic Progress",Journal of Youth and Adolescence,vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 346-61. Miller, M.J. Bass, C. 2003, "Application of Holland's theory to a nonprofessional occupation",Journal of Employment Counseling,vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 17-23. Robbins, S. (2017).organisational behaviour in Southern Africa. 2nd ed. Pearson South Africa, p.108. Robbins, S., Cenzo, D., Coulter, M. and Woods, M. (2013).Management: the Essentials. 1st ed. Pearson Higher Education AU, p.224. Zichy, S. and Bidou, A. (2007).Career Match: Connecting who You are with what You'll Love to Do. 1st ed. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn, p.26.

Military and Beowulf Essay Example

Military and Beowulf Essay Tim Massey Per 11 Mrs. Jahn - BEOWULF â€Å"Beowulf is the story of a dual ordeal: an external battle with vicious opponents and an internal battle with human tendencies of pride, greed, cowardice, betrayal, and self-concern†. This means that the characters in this story fight many of battles and battles within themselves. Some of the internal battles were when Beowulf was fighting the dragon and he thinks he will lose. There are many of external battles like when Beowulf fights Grendel, Grendel’s mom, and the dragon. â€Å"Wait for me close by my friends† is what Beowulf says to his men before he goes to fight the dragon. Beowulf’s internal battle destructs his pride and he sees his first glimpse of betrayal. All of his men leave Beowulf’s side when they see him begin to lose. People always remain loyal to their leaders as long as there winning. He starts to notice that he is losing once his shield was melted by the dragon’s flame. When his entrusted sword that he has won many of battles broke he knew he wasn’t going to finish this battle alive, until he was saved by wiglaf. +â€Å"I feel no shame, with shield and sword and armor, against this monster† young Beowulf would have never said that. He didn’t wear armor while fighting Grendel so he is coming to term with his mortality. He is starting to become cowardly with age but he is also showing smarts for planning ahead. We will write a custom essay sample on Military and Beowulf specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Military and Beowulf specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Military and Beowulf specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer If he were to fight Grendel’s mom a few years before he would go in with no armor or weapons and he probably would have died because his armor had saved his life. Grendel’s mom would have stabbed Beowulf in his heart without his armor. â€Å"His hands, the strength in his fingers†¦ fame comes to the men who mean to win it and care about nothing else† (507-509). This is a hidden boast to explain Beowulf’s strength. Grendel feels his strength as Beowulf crushes his hands. This just shows how strong Beowulf supposedly is. n conclusion â€Å"Beowulf is the story of a dual ordeal: an external battle with vicious opponents and an internal battle with human tendencies of pride, greed, cowardice, betrayal, and self-concern†. Was a great quote that defines the whole story. Theres betrayal, greed and pride. Some of the internal battles were when Beowulf was fighting the dragon and he thinks he will lose. There are many of external battles like when Beowu lf fights Grendel, Grendel’s mom, and the dragon.

Free Essays on Testosterone Levels In College Fraternities

Studies have shown that high testosterone levels are linked to delinquency and excess in human beings. When in group settings, people’s pre-existing characteristics are intensified through means of socialization. Because testosterone is so important in the lives of young men, levels of testosterone may be related tot he kid of groups to which they belong. Looking at college fraternities, the authors hypothesized that fraternities with low testosterone levels would be more intellectually oriented and socially responsible than those with high testosterone levels. The authors then proceeded to retrieve saliva samples from twelve fraternities, five from one university and seven from another. Along with saliva samples, the fraternities were also asked to fill out questionnaires asking about the fraternity’s current grade point average, its number of parties and community service projects during the past year, and the accolades it received during the past two years, if any. Photographs of the fraternity members were also examined as to whether the poser was smiling or not. Both universities showed significant mean differences in testosterone levels among the fraternities studied. At both universities there was less smiling in higher testosterone fraternities. At the first university, higher testosterone fraternities were lower in academics and achievement and community service and were less friendly. They also smiled less, had more parties, and were gregarious, but not warm. The second university showed that fraternities with high testosterone levels were boisterous and macho, while fraternities with low testosterone levels were attentive and helpful. In this university, testosterone did not seem to be related to academic achievement or community service. The authors concluded that while high-testosterone fraternities are rambunctious, low-testosterone fraternities are not necessarily responsible. They stated that â€Å"wel... Free Essays on Testosterone Levels In College Fraternities Free Essays on Testosterone Levels In College Fraternities Studies have shown that high testosterone levels are linked to delinquency and excess in human beings. When in group settings, people’s pre-existing characteristics are intensified through means of socialization. Because testosterone is so important in the lives of young men, levels of testosterone may be related tot he kid of groups to which they belong. Looking at college fraternities, the authors hypothesized that fraternities with low testosterone levels would be more intellectually oriented and socially responsible than those with high testosterone levels. The authors then proceeded to retrieve saliva samples from twelve fraternities, five from one university and seven from another. Along with saliva samples, the fraternities were also asked to fill out questionnaires asking about the fraternity’s current grade point average, its number of parties and community service projects during the past year, and the accolades it received during the past two years, if any. Photographs of the fraternity members were also examined as to whether the poser was smiling or not. Both universities showed significant mean differences in testosterone levels among the fraternities studied. At both universities there was less smiling in higher testosterone fraternities. At the first university, higher testosterone fraternities were lower in academics and achievement and community service and were less friendly. They also smiled less, had more parties, and were gregarious, but not warm. The second university showed that fraternities with high testosterone levels were boisterous and macho, while fraternities with low testosterone levels were attentive and helpful. In this university, testosterone did not seem to be related to academic achievement or community service. The authors concluded that while high-testosterone fraternities are rambunctious, low-testosterone fraternities are not necessarily responsible. They stated that â€Å"wel...

Penny Press Creator Benjamin Day Changed Journalism

Penny Press Creator Benjamin Day Changed Journalism Benjamin Day was a printer from New England who started a trend in American journalism when he founded a New York City newspaper, The Sun, which sold for a penny. Reasoning that a growing working-class audience would respond to a newspaper that was affordable, his invention of the Penny Press was a genuine milestone in American journalism history. While Day’s newspaper proved successful, he was not particularly suited to being a newspaper editor. After about five years of operating The Sun, he sold it to his brother in law at the very low price of $40,000. The newspaper continued to publish for decades. Day later dabbled with publishing magazines and with other business endeavors. By the 1860s he was essentially retired. He lived on his investments until his death in 1889. Despite his relatively short tenure in the American newspaper business, Day is remembered as a revolutionary figure who proved that newspapers could be marketed to a mass audience. Early Life of Benjamin Day Benjamin Day was born in Springfield, Massachusetts, on April 10, 1810. His family had deep roots in New England going back to the 1830s. While in his teens Day was apprenticed to a printer, and at the age of 20 he moved to New York City and began working in print shops and newspaper offices. He saved enough money to start his own printing business, which nearly failed when the cholera epidemic of 1832 sent a panic through the city. Trying to salvage his business, he decided to start a newspaper. Founding of The Sun Day was aware that other low-cost newspapers had been tried elsewhere in America, but in New York City the price of a newspaper was generally six cents. Reasoning that working-class New Yorkers, including newly arrived immigrants, would read a newspaper if they could afford it, Day launched The Sun on September 3, 1833. At the outset, Day put the newspaper together by repackaging the news from out of town newspapers. And to stay competitive he hired a reporter, George Wisner, who ferreted out news and wrote articles. Day also introduced another innovation, newsboys who hawked the newspaper on street corners. The combination of a cheap newspaper that was easily available was successful, and before long Day was making a good living publishing The Sun. And his success inspired a competitor with far more journalism experience, James Gordon Bennett, to launch The Herald, another penny newspaper in New York, in 1835. An era of newspaper competition was born. When Horace Greeley founded the New York Tribune in 1841 it was also initially priced at one cent. At some point, Day lost interest in the day-to-day work of publishing a newspaper, and he sold The Sun to his brother in law, Moses Yale Beach, in 1838. But during the short time he was involved in newspapers he had successfully disrupted the industry. Day’s Later Life Day later launched another newspaper, which he sold after a few months. And he started a magazine called Brother Jonathan (named for the common symbol for America before Uncle Sam became popular). During the Civil War Day retired for good. He admitted at one point that he had not been a great newspaper editor, but had managed to transform the business â€Å"more by accident than design.† He died in New York City on December 21, 1889, at the age of 79.

Economy of Tunisia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Economy of Tunisia - Research Paper Example This saw the unemployment rate drop from 18.9 per cent mark to 16.7 per cent in 2012. The biggest contributors of this growth were the growth of the tourism industry and the mining industry that were heavily affected in 2011. The increased consumption that the country had been experiencing in 2011 from large public expenditures on wages and social programs significantly reduced in the subsequent year. The economy of Tunisia is largely depended on oil, phosphate mining, agri-business, manufacturing of car parts the vibrant tourism sector. In 2011, the country was going through a rough time due to political uncertainty and instability of Libya, and the ever persistent social tensions that were combined with a weak performance of the Euro in the Eurozone. These major factors have been a reason for the slow recovery of the economy (Stampini, and Verdier-Chouchane 2). In 2012, the government of Tunisia wanted to boost the economic recovery by easing the social tensions and trying to impro ve on both its expansionary fiscal and monetary policies. This however did not happen, as only a percentage of what was an ambitious fiscal stimulus package approved in the supplementary budget of 2012 was executed. The actual budgeted expenditures were converted into consumption from their initial investment allocation (Stampini, and Verdier-Chouchane 3). Inflation in the country had a steady rise to 5.9 per cent mark in late 2012, compared to 4.2 per cent the previous year. This was characterized by increased food prices and the general cost of living to the people. Due to the increase in the public discontent because of increased general cost of living, Central Bank of Tunisia tightened the country’s monetary stance in the mid months of the year 2012 to revert the expansionary monetary policy (The World Bank n.p.). Despite the challenges faced by the economy, the economy of Tunisia is ranked at first position in Africa and at the 36th position in global rankings ahead of P ortugal, ranked at 43, Italy, ranked at 49, and Greece at 67 due to its economic competitiveness. Taxes and Debt of Tunisia Tunisia has a high public debt that some analysts consider that it should consider demanding for a reschedule, suspension or even cancellation of the public debt. In the year 2012, the country’s current account deficit widened and hit an 8.1 per cent of the country’s total Gross Domestic Product, financed by Foreign Domestic Income and the external financiers pumped huge inflows of external official financing into the economy. Currently, the public debt stands at 14.4 billion dollars, meaning that the range of the external debt to the GDP is just a little below 50%. Although this is a high rate of the debt, it is yet to reach the untenable range of 60% of the GDP, while the government deficit exceeds 3.0%. The country is yet to reach the threshold where most of the under developed and developing countries are, of an exorbitant debt. Some economist s argue that the debt should be cancelled, on grounds it is an odious and illegal debt that arose from the interests of the ousted president and his relatives, yet the Tunisian people did not see any of it (Tunisia: 2012 Article Iv Consultation 135-149). These issues have been forwarded to the International Crisis group, that has been mandated with the task of determining what the real debt of the country is and what was

Personal Statement on Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Personal Statement on Education - Essay Example One of the most important lessons I learned during my educational years is the integration of practical and theoretical knowledge. With this kind of perspective, I managed to intertwine learning and development of my character. As Martin Luther King suggests, the goal of true education is the combination of intelligence and character. Intelligence is our ability to gain knowledge and to learn the theoretical information given through school. Character is our personal attitude, perspective, behavior, especially towards other people. It is the way we interact and communicate with other people, whether face to face or not. I agree with King’s perspective about true education. Education is not merely about the theories or knowledge we gain from studying. The intelligence that we develop through our years in school must be combined with the character we developed through the years, as well. For me, education is not merely about learning the theoretical information offered by our pr ofessors and the books we are reading. It is the foundation of learning and personal development. It is not merely memorizing or stocking information in our minds, rather, it is supposed to be our guide in being able to think intensively, critically and creatively. That is the reason colleges do not spoonfeed information, rather, our mentors find ways to force us to think intensively, such as in essay exams, oral exams or even just the finals. Because of our schooling, our formal education, we become equipped not only with knowledge but also a critical way of thinking, which is more essential in facing the hard reality of life once we leave school. We should always remember that it is not always knowledge that will be the basis of our success, rather it is the way we use this knowledge. And so, I strongly agree with King that the goal of true education is the combination of intelligence and character. What is the use of intelligence when we don’t have the right character or a ttitude in life. Thus, this points to what true education is. It is essentially how we put into practice what we have learned through our formal education. It is to strengthen our character based on what we learned and believe in through everything we have gathered through our formal education. That is what true education should bring, not merely information but intelligence and character into one. I realized this even more when I was put in a place wherein I need to practice critical thinking, which is practically what I have been doing in school. It was a choice of what school to go into. I need to determine the pros and cons of leaving one school for the other. The decision I made was not just because of what I know about the school, rather it was about what I believe in. It was more about how I think the school will help me in developing not only my knowledge about things but also my character.  

Philosophy of Art Essay Example for Free

Philosophy of Art Essay Introduction This paper attempts to establish what practitioners of philosophy can learn from practitioners of Art. In doing so, the paper first looks into art and philosophy so as to offer a clear understanding of the subjects, before turning into the main theme. What is Art?   Ã‚  Ã‚   Even though the above question appears simple, it is interesting and can, and is answered by reverting to the philosophy of art. In addition, art embraces descriptions of beauty, taste, symbolism as well as representation. Philosophy of art also explores the association existing between the individual artist (ideas), and the bigger congregation (audiences, culture, and universe) (Carroll N, 1998). That being the case, what does philosophy of art tell us about art? Some versions assert that art is a creative activity, expression or process of humans. According to Leo Tolstoy ‘Art is that human activity which consists in one human consciously conveying to others, by certain external signs, the feelings he has experienced and in others being affected by those feelings and also experiencing them.’ (Carroll N, 1998). On the other hand, when something is done perfectly or acquainted by study and practice; it is referred to as an art (Carroll N, 1998). For instance, driving a car, dressing in a nice dress, laying a child to sleep or even the art of conversion. In essence, art includes objects developed by humans that have aesthetic value or present symbolic meaning encompassing drawings, paintings as well as sculpture. Thus from the above observations, art can be said to be a symbolic representation of peoples association with nature (reality/environments). It is able to offer the concealed relations between things. It is beauty, it is truth. However, what does truth and beauty imply? This is where philosophy comes in as philosophy is the art of establishing the truth such that this truth is applied to life. In the same manner, art can be based on established truth that express the wonder and beauty of a relationship to the universe as it is acknowledged in the works of Marcel Proust and Henry Mattisse (Diffey T, 1995). ‘Art is a selective recreation of reality according to an artist’s metaphysical value judgments. An artist recreates those aspects of reality which represent his fundamental view of man’s natures.’   Ã‚  (Marcell Proust)( Diffey T, 1995), while Henry Mattisse writes ‘when we speak of nature, it is wrong to forget that we are ourselves a part of nature. We ought to view ourselves with the same curiosity and openness with which we study a tree, the sky or a thought because we too are linked to the entire universe (Diffey T, 1995).’ The different forms of art are visual arts which involve aspects such as painting, photography and sculpture among others, and fine arts which embrace music, dance, theatre, literature, poetry, etc. What is philosophy? As William Thomas points out, ‘Philosophy studies the fundamental nature of existence of man and man’s relationship to existence†¦in the realm of cognition, the special sciences are the trees but philosophy is the soil which makes the forest possible’ (Bender J, 1993). A philosophy is an all inclusive organization of ideas concerning human nature as well as the nature of the truth we live in. it is a guide of living since the subjects it deals with are crucial and enveloping, establishing the course we take in life and how we treat other people. Among the most important field that philosopher’s deal with fall into a number of separate fields. Among them, the most imperatives ones are; metaphysics which deals with the theory of reality, epistemology that connotes the theory of knowledge, ethics which is theory of moral values, politics which is theory of legal rights and government and aesthetics which refers to theory of nature of art (Carroll N, 1998). The vehicle for philosophical guidance is religions such as Buddhism, Christianity, Judaism as well as Islam. Religions vary from philosophers not in the issues they deal with but in the ways they employ to address them. Religions are based on mythic stories that existed earlier before discovery of unequivocally cogent methods of inquiry (Bender J, 1993). The present day religion (majority of) appeal to mystical faith as well as revelation sort of belief that claim legitimacy independent of logic, and the scientific method, at least made for the biggest subjects. However, majority of religions are in their commencement pre-rational as opposed to anti-rational, a story teller’s account of philosophic issues as opposed to scientists (Bender J, 1993). Philosophy in Greek connotes ‘love of wisdom’. Philosophy is founded on rational arguments and appeal to facts (Bender J, 1993). Modern science history began with philosophical enquiries and the scientific method of research and proof is an aspect of the general approach that a philosopher attempts to bring to a question; one that is coherent and vigorous. Philosophy is known to offer deep and wide questions presently. Dealing with the issues in each branch of philosophy calls for integration of everything one knows concerning reality (metaphysics) or humanity (epistemology, ethics, politics and aesthetics) recommending reasonable inclination in philosophy therefore is not a simple job. Frankly, philosophers more often than not disagree about principle subject; some slipping their own positions in the mix as well (Diffey T, 1995). Thus, there is no particular philosophy world wide as is the case with physics, chemistry among other disciplines.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Having clearly distinguished the two disciplines, then we can embark on the issue of what a philosopher can learn from an artist. This calls us to explore the subfield of philosophy. It relates to nature of art, in addition to performing of arts as well as painting, sculpture and literature (Diffey T, 1995). Major concerns in aesthetic comprise of how artistic creations should be construed as well as assessed and how the arts are linked to one another, to natural beauty, morality, religious science as well as other crucial aspects of human life. The association between art and epistemology has been everlastingly tenuous and burdened with a lot of arguments (Diffey T, 1995). It is acknowledged that there is something meaningful from experiences as well as interactions with works of arts. However, it is not considered as obvious that whether or not the experiences one has with art can produce propositional understanding that is represented by true vindicated belief (Diffey T, 1995).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Whereas engaging objects aesthetically is both insightness and emotionally burdening practice, it is also essentially cognitive. Therefore, it can be said that aesthetic engagement is based on various epistemological concerns (Carroll N, 1998). For instance, philosophers claim to know about art. People say that they believed the play was good or bad, but the emotions it produced were called for, justified, manipulative or suitable. In most cases, people allege that they learn from art, that art alters their view of the world and that art has influence on the way they view as well as make sense of the world (Carroll N, 1998).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It also widely acknowledged that works of arts particularly good works of art, can cause view points about the world and can in turn offer knowledge concerning the world (Carroll N, 1998). However, what can exactly be known about art? Does art have any sort of propositional content that resembles the context that philosophers claim to require for other sort of knowledge claim?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The subject of whether philosophers have something to learn from artists revolves back to the period of Plato. Plato warned about the perils of making a fuss of mimetic as well as narrative demonstrations of the world and human actions. A practitioner of philosophy by his engagement with art permits certain emotions or activities that are able to facilitate or produce knowledge. It should be acknowledged that some aspects of art work that are able to produce greater understanding of the surrounding world (Carroll N, 1998).   In this case, art becomes a source of insight as well as awareness, even though it cannot be put into propositional language.   It can help people (philosophy practitioners) see the world in a new or different way (Carroll N, 1998).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   They are often those who view art as being incapable of offering knowledge primarily because it does not generate any truth; they argue that since art cannot offer facts or produce arguments then there is nothing to learn from it (Diffey T, 1995).   They further argue that art cannot be acknowledged as a source of knowledge as it is not productive of knowledge, construed in the convectional sense of vindictive true belief. They assert that art is devoid of propositional content capable of being learnt the conventional way, whereas it has influences that promote knowledge and that can promote or weaken the development of understanding. Thus the net effect is to reject art as a source of knowledge as it does not offer true beliefs and furthermore because it does not as well as cannot vindicate the views that it does express (Diffey T, 1995).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   However, those who are for and those against concur that art is a source of knowledge, the only way that it can probably satisfy such a function be it that knowledge neglected something crucial to art’s nature as well as value (Diffey T, 1995). Plato articulates that it is possible for an artist to make a representation of a thing without having advance knowledge of his presentation.   For instance, painters represent cobblers when the painters have no idea how to make shoes, and poets write about virtue such as beauty and courage without any clear knowledge of these attributes (Carroll N, 1998). To Plato, it is only philosophers and moreover, those who struggle to intuit (feel) the forms and employ abstract reasoning are able to have know-how of these virtues.   To him, the same things exist even for the literary arts in particular.   He asserts that the more one engages in emotions brought about by representations, the more likely one is to suffer the influences of an unstable soul and finally the growth of bad attitude (Carroll N, 1998). Aristotle seems to have agreed with Plato that art influences the development of one’s moral character.   These two philosophers believed that people learn from art, however, Plato argued that the gained knowledge was harmful while Aristotle argued that it was beneficial (Carroll N, 1998). Going back to the period of renaissance and beyond it should be noted that the works of art such as poetry and fiction engages the emotions of a philosopher in a healthy way rather as opposed to detrimental manner (Bender J, 1993).   Some philosophers point out that there are there crucial types of knowledge claims that can be made concerning arts which are distinguished by objects. The first is what philosophers claim to know or believe concerning the art object itself and anything unreal or fictional worlds might be linked to that object. The second aspect of knowledge claim about art relates to what is known or believed to be appropriate emotional reaction to the art work. It is crucial to note at this point that works of art are correct, understood through having a certain kind of emotional response to them (Bender J, 1993). The only problem encountered in this course is that it is not possible to establish the kind of response that is appropriate in relation to a particular work of art (Bender J, 1993). The last kind of knowledge claim that is available as far as art is concerned relates to the nature of information art can offer about the whole world (Bender J, 1993). It is important to note that art affords imperative insight into the way philosophers order and understand the world. Art gives a certain degree of meaning to the lives of philosophers. Art, particularly literature, draws out novel views (beliefs) as well as new knowledge concerning the world (Bender J, 1993). Conclusion From the above, it is noteworthy that philosophy practitioners have a lot to learn from practitioners of art. It is important to acknowledge what constitutes knowledge so as to be able to understand how art impacts the subject. Reference Bender, John (1993).   â€Å"Art as a Source of Knowledge: Linking Analytic Aesthetics and Epistemology.† In Contemporary Philosophy of Art, ed. John Bender and Gene Blocker. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Carroll, Noel (1998). â€Å"Art, Narrative, and Moral Understanding.† In Aesthetics and Ethics: Essays at the Intersection, ed. Jerrold Levinson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Diffey, T .J (1995): â€Å"What Can We Learn From Art?† Australasian Journal of Philosophy 73 202-11.

Psychology :: essays research papers

Talk Show Tension Jerry, Jerry, Jerry†¦ Everyday, this chant is heard by millions of people watching the now infamous talk show, Jerry Springer. Even though just a few years ago, most people regarded these shows as ridiculous, now this chant is recognized and adored by many people in society. The most parsimonious explanation for this is that the shows now have more interesting and captivating topics. The premise of most episodes of these shows has changed greatly over the past few years; The topics have moved away from large scale social issues, like homosexuality and cancer, to relationship and familial issues, like adultery and mothers who are too flirtatious with their daughter's boyfriends. Many people would argue that the issues being presented now are not as interesting or captivating as the older issues. However, after watching an old episode and a new episode, most people agree that the emotions displayed by the guests in the newer shows are more visible, with actions such as onstage yelling and fighting. The general emotional content of the episodes has changed from sadness to anger. From a psychological standpoint, there are many influences that cause extreme anger to be displayed by the guests on talk shows. Imagine being a guest on the Jerry Springer show, as you walk onto the stage you see the large audience chanting those infamous words. You sit down next to your fiancà ©e not knowing what to expect, you are nervous and anxious. Finally, Jerry says those terrible words, So, don't you have something to tell your fiancà ©? She turns to you, looks into your eyes and says, Remember about a month ago when I disappeared at that party at your house? Well, that night your brother and me left the party early. I'm sorry, I have been sleeping with your brother for the past month. Suddenly, the anxiousness that you experienced is gone and replaced by anger, intense anger. You turn to Jerry as he asks you, Wow, she has been cheating with your brother, how does this make you feel? Your anger only gets more intense, you ramble to your ex-fiancà ©e and ask her how she could do such a thing. Again, Jerry interrupts the moment and yells into the microphone, Alright lets get the brother out here! As you see your brother walk through the door, you again hear that irritating chant echoing through the crowd.

Cleanliness is Next to Godliness Essay

I have been fortunate to get the love and care of my parents as well as siblings. During my childhood, my parents taught me the morals based on the holy teachings of scriptures. Among the many good sayings, I remember a proverb, â€Å"Cleanliness is next to Godliness,† which was reminded to me, time and again, by my mother. When I was about seven years old, I avoided taking bath on a daily basis. It was at that time when my mother first narrated this proverb to me, which continues to guide me everyday. Although many of us may be religious and Godly, we may be defying, either intentionally or unintentionally, the basic principle of cleanliness in our practical lives. For instance, it can be seen that some people throw their household garbage on the streets, and as a result, mosquitoes and flies spread harmful diseases in the community. Similarly, some people spit on roads due to which their infected saliva often becomes a source to several contagious diseases. It must be recalled that our scriptures teach us to keep ourselves as well as our places of dwelling clean. Since God is ultimate in purity, the only way to reach God is to remain pure, and purity is attained by keeping our mind as well as body clean. However, the fellow humans are polluting the purity of the environment through their deleterious activities. Burning of fire crackers leads to air-pollution, which in return, causes respiratory problems like asthma. Also, when somebody smokes a cigarette in a public place, then the surrounding environment is polluted, and people become vulnerable to cancer due to passive smoking. I have strictly practiced the meaning of the proverb to keep my mind as well as body clean. I do not smoke, do not spit in a public place, and do not burn fire crackers. My body is a holy temple, which houses the spirit. I make every endeavor to retain the purity of my spirit because only then I can attain salvation.

Classification of Computer Users

Steven Cespedes Egan College Writing January 9th, 2012 Classification of Computer Users The sound of the keyboard typing away and the clicking of the mouse throughout the night has become a normal occurrence in  every  American household. Staying up until two or three in the morning browsing the web has become a characteristic of many computer users today. Since the personal computer has been invented life, work, and pleasure have changed drastically. With the creation of the internet, the possibilities with computers are all but endless. People now have the ability to communicate with others from all over the world. With both of these technologies  working together, computers have become a necessity for homes and businesses everywhere. Although the majority of computers are similar in concept, different people use them in different ways. Some use their computers for work and others as a source of entertainment. As long as the world exists, there will be several different types of computer users. The hacker is one type of computer user, they spend most of  their  time electronically breaking into other computer’s. The word hacker is synonymous with internet crimes, however hackers are highly intelligent individuals with a vast knowledge of computers. They spend their time trying to break through security systems of various networks connected to the internet. Hackers are infamous for infiltrating CIA databases, credit card companies, or more recently the PlayStation Network and wreaking havoc. These people stay up for hours looking for codes and passwords for various systems on the internet in the hopes of obtaining some sort of valuable information. There are many websites and forums dedicated to this past time which educates the general public as well as new hackers to their game. They know how the computers operate and are usually very familiar with programming languages, so they can create their own programs to break passwords. Half of the time hackers are not hurting anybody by the activities they perform, they just do it for the experience and for bragging rights within the hacker community. [pic] The gamers are the people who spend their time playing games online. These are the people who stay up to till dawn raiding, shooting, and racing with other people on the internet. There are many games which incorporate the online play such as World of Warcraft and Call of Duty to name a couple. However there are many other games such as The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim and Half Life 2 that offer offline play that is just as popular. The first thing that gamers do when they get on the computer is to check if their friends are playing online. Most of these gamers even add special accessories to enhance their online gaming experience such as a microphone to talk to other players or a joystick that can be used instead of a keyboard. These types of computer users are easily identified, as they often wear licensed game t-shirts around town. The main purpose of the computer for a gamer is to play various games and learn everything they can about each game. These individuals are addicted to playing games online, and can be found staring at their computer screen until the sun comes up. The shoppers are the people who are constantly surfing the internet searching for the newest clothes or gadgets. These are the people who watch Ebay auctions for days, waiting until the last second to outbid everyone else. They will browse hundreds of websites looking for the best bargain. Instead of going to the malls and doing their shopping, they will sit in their chair for hours on end, visiting various websites on the internet. They use the internet to research the newest fashion rather than spending that time to work or study. Internet shoppers are addicted to purchasing goods online because of the ease of having it shipped straight to their door. This use of the computer usually serves to be the most expensive because of all of the money involved in purchases. Downloaders are the people who use the computer mainly for the purpose of downloading anything that is free. These are the people who leave their computers on all day and throughout the night downloading music, movies, and anything else that is available. Torrents are very popular due to the ease of access to the mass amounts of data made accessible to anyone with internet access. The legality of these acts is questionable, but torrent sites somehow manage to get around copyright infringements. Downloaders are constantly working under the radar to get their hands on the newest software for no charge. Downloaders are usually interested in computers with lots of hard drive space to store their data on. [pic] The workers are the people who use their computer for no other purpose than making money. These are the people who are constantly checking if a client has emailed them back, or making corrections to tomorrow's sales report. Workers usually prefer to use laptop computers for the ease of transporting their data from home to work. Many workers may actually own two computers, one for business and one for pleasure. They usually have the newest and fastest computers, since they can afford them. These people have no problem sitting in a chair typing for eight hours a day if they are paid well to do so. Workers may be the most proficient with a computer due to the fact that they are professionals. [pic] The Social Networkers are the people who spend most of their time socializing over the internet. These are the people who spend may spend more time on Facebook and Twitter than they do talking to real people. They are constantly updating their status and sharing links on their friend's walls. They spend hours typing away, meeting new people, and making new friends in this online community. Social Networkers enjoy posting about their everyday life, letting every one of their friends (or followers) know exactly what they're doing around the clock. They will â€Å"like† pages to notify others of their interests, and seek others with similar interests. Social Networks have turned into a competition of who can get the most friends or followers, which draws attention whores by the dozen. These are the people who you can see online Facebook chat half of the day even when they are at work or in school. Each type of user is similar in the way that they spend many hours in front of their computer screen typing away the day and into the night. Computers have made life much easier for some people and have opened numerous doors to many others. The computer has had a major impact on life as we know it, creating jobs everywhere, giving us entertainment when we are bored, and connecting everyone no matter their location in the world. No matter what lifestyle you live, the computer can cater to each one.

stone heng essay

stone heng essay stone heng essay Stonehenge Many archeologists and historians have tried to uncover the secrets of Stonehenge and its purpose. Some theories were a burial site for people around 3000 BC, a place of healing filled with magical healing stones, and a landmark aligned with the stars. The three main purposes of Stonehenge were to help the sick, provide a cemetery and be a landmark. Some people have said the main purpose of Stonehenge was to provide a cemetery for the people back in 3000 BC and it was a place where people could put their cremated remains there. Archeologists have found thousands of buried bodies in and around Stonehenge.1 â€Å"Archeologists evidence found by the Stonehenge riverside project in 2008 indicates that Stonehenge served as a burial ground from its earliest beginning.† According to the historians the burials at Stonehenge started at around 3000 BC and ended 500 years after. The main types people that were buried there were people of high command like kings soldiers etc. what archeologists also found with the bodies were teeth, bones and cremation pots. This find leads to the possible technology of cremation back in 3000 BC. These teeth, bones and pots also belonged to people of high power. The second main theory of Stonehenge is that it was used as a place of healing. Some evidence of this would be the blue stones, it is a piece of stone that is broken off by one of the rocks in Stonehenge. People believed that it had the power to heal any of their medical problems. The archeologists 2 â€Å"from Britain’s Bournemouth University, who carried out the dig in April believed the bluestones were revered as healing stones.† People believed that the stones had the power to heal their disease or injuries. Do to the prestige that these stones get they have been broken off Stonehenge for thousands of years and people still use them to this date. Stonehenge is located in Wiltshire in England. It was made around 2500 BC- 3000 BC. It is believed that the people in 2500 BC brought the 25 ton stones 30 kilometers to the geographical place where they were

10 Phosphorus Facts (P or Atomic Number 15)

10 Phosphorus Facts (P or Atomic Number 15)   Phosphorus is element 15 on the periodic table, with the element symbol P. Because it is so chemically reactive, phosphorus is never found free in nature, yet you encounter this element in compounds and in your body. Here are 10 interesting facts about phosphorus: Fast Facts: Phosphorus Element Name: PhosphorusElement Symbol: PAtomic Number: 15Classification: Group 15; Pnictogen; NonmetalAppearance: Appearance depends on the allotrope. Phosphorus is a solid at room temperature. It may be white, yellow, red, violet, or black.Electron Configuration:  [Ne] 3s2  3p3Discovery: Recognized as an element by Antoine Lavoisier (1777), but officially discovered by Hennig Brand (1669). Interesting Phosphorus Facts Phosphorus was discovered in 1669 by Hennig Brand in Germany. Brand isolated phosphorus from urine. The discovery made Brand the first person to discover a new element. Other elements such as gold and iron were known before that, but no specific person found them.Brand called the new element cold fire because it glowed in the dark. The name of the element comes from the Greek word phosphoros, which means bringer of light. The form of phosphorus Brand discovered was white phosphorus, which reacts with oxygen in air to produce a green-white light. Although you might think the glow would be phosphorescence, phosphorus is chemiluminescent and not phosphorescent. Only the white allotrope or form of phosphorus glows in the dark.Some texts refer to phosphorus as the Devils Element because of its eerie glow, tendency to burst into flame, and because it was the 13th known element.Like other nonmetals, pure phosphorus assumes markedly different forms. There are at least five phosphorus allotro pes. In addition to white phosphorus, there is red, violet, and black phosphorus. Under ordinary conditions, red and white phosphorus are the most common forms. While the properties of phosphorus depend on the allotrope, they share common nonmetallic characteristics. Phosphorus is a poor conductor of heat and electricity, except black phosphorus. All types of phosphorus are solid at room temperature. The white form (sometimes called yellow phosphorus) resembles wax, the red and violet forms are noncrystalline solids, while the black allotrope resembles graphite in pencil lead. The pure element is reactive, so much so that the white form will ignite spontaneously in air. Phosphorus typically has an oxidation state of 3 or 5.Phosphorus is essential to living organisms. There are about 750 grams of phosphorus in the average adult. In the human body, its found in DNA, bones, and as an ion used for muscle contraction and nerve conduction. Pure phosphorus, however, can be deadly. White phosphorus, in particular, is associated with negative health effects. When matches were made using white phosphorus, a disease known as phossy jaw caused disfigura tion and death. Contact with white phosphorus can cause chemical burns. Red phosphorus is a safer alternative and is considered non-toxic. Natural phosphorus consists of one stable isotope, phosphorus-31. At least 23 isotopes of the element are known.The primary use of phosphorus is for fertilizer production. The element is also used in flares, safety matches, light-emitting diodes, and steel production. Phosphates are used in some detergents. Red phosphorus is also one of the chemicals used in illegal production of methamphetamines.According to a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academies of Sciences, phosphorus may have been brought to Earth by meteorites. The release of phosphorus compounds seen early in Earths history (yet not today) contributed to the conditions needed for the origin of life. Phosphorus is abundant in the Earths crust at a concentration of about 1050 parts per million, by weight.While its certainly possible to isolate phosphorus from urine or bone, today the element is isolated from phosphate-bearing minerals. Phosphorus is obtained from calcium phosphate by heating the rock in a furnace to yield tetraphosphorus vapor. The vapor is condensed into phosphorus under water to prevent ignition. Sources Greenwood, N. N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd Ed.), Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann.Hammond, C. R. (2000).  The Elements, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics  (81st ed.). CRC press.​Meija, J.; et al. (2016). Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91.Weast, Robert (1984).  CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp.  E110.

Mini-Project (Second) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mini-Project (Second) - Essay Example All management projects contain risks of one sort or another. These arise from interactions between the project objectives and uncertainty. A risk is â€Å"an uncertain event which, should it occur, would have an effect on achieving the objectives†. (APM PRAM Guide, 1997) The business, technical and project risks are listed below. The impact level of each risk is stated in the table, and these are given ratings and assigned priorities. Important recommendations are given on how the risks should have been managed. 6. Change in production train specification made it necessary to add another five feet to the length of the new building (only discovered when holding down bolts for the new train were laid out on site). Similarly for catalogue descriptions and specifications for other equipment 6. Manufacturing drawings for the critical long-lead equipment sat in a junior clerk’s in-tray awaiting approval and caused a two week delay and contributing to a later construction schedule conflict in tying-in the new services Uncertainty (or probability of occurrence) is classified as either very low (1), low (2), medium (3), high (4) or very high (5). The impact level is graded and scored the same. The two figures are multiplied to give the priority rating. The fact that not all stakeholders’ roles were clearly defined and especially that the project managers were not even aware of the importance of some stakeholders until much later was a great risk. For instance, â€Å"The VP Production and VP Sales and Estimating were important stakeholders who got involved in the project much later than they should have been.† (Group 1) And, the local inspection authority’s latest safety standards were not taken into account for the paint disposal arrangements. This was a potential environmental risk. The inadequate pre-planning was another great risk and an important part of this was project design, budgeting and scheduling.

Marketing strategy of a mobile industry Assignment

Marketing strategy of a mobile industry - Assignment Example Samsung Electronics is a South Korean based multinational electronic products manufacturing and marketing company (Casali, 2008). It is the flagship subsidiary of Samsung Group and has been the world’s larges technology company in terms of revenue since the year 2009. The Samsung group was incorporated in the year 1969 and Samsung Electronics was founded in the year 1988. However the history of the company dates back to 1938, when it was founded by Lee Byung-chull as a trading company. It is presently headquartered at Suwon, South Korea and is headed by Gee-Sung Choi. The company has presence all over the world and employs around 221,726 people. Some of the major products of the company include LCD and LED panels, mobile phones, semiconductors, televisions, digital cameras, tablet PCs, and home appliances among others (Samsung, 2013a). According to reports, the net revenue of the company is â‚ ©201.103 trillion and the net profit was â‚ ©23.845 trillion in the year 2012. Some of the key competitors of the company are Apple Inc., Nokia, HTC, Research in Motion (Blackberry), and Motorola among others (Yahoo Finance, 2013). The USP (Unique Selling Proposition) of the company lie in its service quality, quality products at affordable pricing. The company is also the world’s largest vendor of smart phones since the year 2011. In the context of its mobile phone division, the company has been witnessing colossal growths since the mid of 2000. According to industry experts, the major reasons behind the growth is the introduction of low and mid ranged phones and providing Android operating system with the high range phones. Another driving factor was the introduction of several phones at the same which allowed the company to make the availability of wide range of options for the customers. In addition, promotional technique, strong distribution network, and superior after

Healthcare Information Systems - Hardware and Software Essay - 1

Healthcare Information Systems - Hardware and Software - Essay Example Moreover, patients also have to be physically available at the time of inspection that may be a daunting task for old and weak patients. However, if the disease is diagnosed at the early stages, life of a patient can be saved. Hence, if the same tasks can be performed by incorporating clinical information systems, the quality of curing diseases will improve significantly. Clinical information systems adds value to clinical practices and provide advantages that may also contribute significant factors affecting on a life of a patient. The factors are demonstrated below: Clinical Information Systems provides health care with quality and value Clinical Information Systems eliminates clinical or medical errors Clinical Information Systems eliminates cost associated with health care procedures Clinical Information Systems improves the productivity of administrative staff of hospitals. Clinical Information Systems decreases paperwork and can be accessible via Internet to anywhere on the pla net. Moreover, the cost related to health care is also an emerging problem (Demographics of aging, n.d). For instance, expenditures in the United States will grow to 15.9% for the health care from the GDP of $2.6 trillion by 2010 (Keynote, n.d). The leadership of a global economy has a caterpillar approach, to address the computerized health care systems. Increment is observed over recent years and some steps are taken for the resolution of these issues. Various computerized applications are developed to improving clinical practices in an organization or hospitals. In an organization, computerized clinical practices are vital to handle the clinical procedures on a daily basis in healthcare organizations. These clinical procedures are utilized to promote productivity of an organization equipped with computerized healthcare systems. Moreover, the contribution of a healthcare system is applied, to utilizing resources and modifying activities of the clinical staff by best practice guide lines. Currently, there are complex diagnostic tools for processing medical records, laboratory reports, various forms are available in print form, and there is a requirement of exchanging information between the clinical staff. This is where the role of clinical information systems makes their presence. Electronic Medical/Health Records, Tele consultation and continual medical education are contributing to the healthcare industry. EHR is defined as â€Å"The Electronic Health Record (EHR) is a longitudinal electronic record of patient health information generated by one or more encounters in any care delivery setting. Included in this information are patient demographics, progress notes, problems, medications, vital signs, past medical history, immunizations, laboratory data and radiology reports† (HIMSS - electronic health record (EHR), n.d). The electronic health and medical records maintain health data of a patient to create an individual set of medical data. The data is maintained in an independent set because healthcare provides gain access of EMR from anywhere to diagnose a patient based on the patient’s health information. Moreover, EMR also facilitates to establish a personalized health plan for a patient. Moreover, EMR improves the health planning and policies at the national level by demonstrating the information and services of people or individuals. In addition, EMR system also facilitates clinical procedures, which are mentioned below: Heath insurance companies access EMR

Learning Experience Of Partnership Working Social Work Essay

Learning Experience Of Partnership Working Social Work Essay To begin with I would like to focus on the policies and legislation which have identified partnership working. There is a large body of policies and legislation that focuses on collaboration and partnership working; some include duties for statutory organisations in relation to inter-agency working. I have examined only some of the key polices and legislation as there are too many to examine for the purpose of this essay. First of all I looked at the UK wide policies/legislations and then I focused on Welsh policy; these are set out in chronological order. To start with the Seebohm Report (1968) argued for a co-operation across the spectrum of welfare state services and more effective co-operation by different professionals. It proposed a major restructuring of personal social services into a unified social service department. The National Health Service and Community Care Act (1990) gave a duty to local authorities to assess and where applicable meet a persons needs for community care services by collaboration with other agencies. Following this Building Bridges (1995) encourages interdisciplinary and multi-agency care planning. The Health and Social Care Act (2001) aimed to develop partnerships and provide integrated care by building on existing health and local authority powers to develop care trusts. The National Service Framework for Older People (2001) set out standards for care of older people across health and social services. It aimed to remove age discrimination, provide person centered care, and promote independence, fitting services around peoples needs. Means for achieving these aims included the single assessment process and integration in commissioning arrangement and service provision. Valuing people: a new strategy for learning disability for the 21st century (2001) highlighted partnership. Working through local partnership boards and inter-professional/inter-agency co-operation are seen as central to achieving the four key principles; rights, independence, choice and inclusion for people with learning disabilities. National Service Framework (NSF) for Older People (2001) highlighted that pro fessionals should become more engaged in assessments and for agencies to minimise any duplication of work. Community Care (Delayed Discharge) Act (2003) introduced a new dynamic in interagency and inter professional relationships. It made Social Services authorities liable to reimburse the NHS for delays where patients in hospital are medically fit but unable to be discharged due solely to Social Services inability to provide assessment and community care services within a required timescale. Every Child Matters (2003) in response to the Victoria Climbià © inquiry proposed: improved interagency information sharing and co-operation; work in multi-disciplinary teams; a lead professional role; creation of local safeguarding boards. In the long term integration of key services for children and young people in childrens trusts will be under a director of childrens services. Children Act (2004) allowed the creation of database to support professionals in sharing information. The Carers (Equal Opportunities) Act (2004) placed a duty on Social Services to inform carers of their right to an asses sment. It also enabled Social Services to ask other public bodies including the health organizations to provide services to carers. Single Assessment Process Implementation Guidance (2004) sets out how the single assessment process described in the Mental Capacity Act (2005) where social workers and care professionals acting on behalf of someone who lacks capacity, must act in a persons best interest. Working Together to Safeguard Children (2006) addressed to practitioners and managers, sets out how organisations and individuals should work together to safeguard and promote the welfare of children, stressing shared responsibility and the need to understand the roles of others. It described the role of local safeguarding childrens boards (LSCBs), training for inter-agency work and the detailed processes for managing individual cases. These elements are statutory guidance, which required compliance. Mental Health Act (2007) amended the 1983 Act broadening the group of professional practitioners who undertake approved social worker (ASW) functions, to be known as Approved Mental Health Professionals. Concurrently, the code of practice of the 1983 Act was updated, stressing inter-professional collaboration in assessment and after care planning and involvement of patients and carers. Building brighter futures: next steps for the childrens workforce (2008) sets out components of integra ted working as they emerged from Childrens Trusts. It considered the contribution of the Common Core of Skills and Knowledge and the pros and cons of professional identities and boundaries. It looked forward to achieving a broad vision of integrated working that has support across the whole childrens workforce. Now I would like to focus upon the policies that are specifically within Wales. Firstly, The Review of Health and Social Care in Wales, (WAG, 2003) emphasized the importance of multi-agency working. It looked at decision-making processes, the capacity and effectiveness of existing services, the capacity of management, the processes governing standard setting, information management, resource flows, and incentives and sanctions. The Report of the Wanless Committee (WAG, 2004) focuses on shared decision-making between professionals and users and patients. It also highlights that there needs to be integrated thinking across health and social care boundaries. It also highlights the need for a new approach for funding health and social care. Making the Connections: Delivering Better Services for Wales: The Welsh Assembly Government Vision for Public Services (WAG, 2004) policy aims to involve communities and people by putting them in the centre of service planning and delivery, it hopes t o achieve this by having effective and efficient co-operation between public services.. Children and Young People: Rights to Action, Stronger Partnerships for Better Outcomes (WAG, 2005)is paper outlines the expectation from the Assembly Government for local agencies to take a joint approach in planning services to make them as effective as possible. Fulfilled Lives, Supportive Communities: Improving Social Services in Wales from 2008-2018 (WAG, 2006) this focuses on partnership arrangements which put the citizen at the centre and work effectively across sectors and organisations using care pathways to support people. Lastly, Sustainable Social Services for Wales A Framework for Action (WAG, 2011) highlights the importance of developing more integration of health and social services for children, young people, and frail older people, and in respect of re-ablement services. Joining up in this way will help break down barriers that can often get in the way of providing services and d rive out duplication. This sets out the current vision for partnership working within Wales until 2016. As highlighted above there are many key pieces of legislation and policies which focus on the importance of multi-agency working. Since the 1960s there has been a focus on partnership working for social services. The main emphasis is that welfare services could be improved if statutory organisations worked together (WAG, 2003). There appears to be a fastening pace to make partnership working more effective. Perhaps this is down to the increased budget cuts therefore eliminating duplication of work and improving service delivery may be more important than ever before. There are some key principles and ethical issues to partnership working that are highlighted below. Gasper (2010) highlights that partnership working can improve access to services and avoid duplication; this means services can be delivered in more of a cost-effective way. Although Gasper reflects positively on partnership working there are other areas of partnership working that could lead to several dilemmas. Glasby (2004) defines inter-professional working as two or more people from different professions communicating and co-operating to achieve a common goal. Adams et al (2006) highlights the importance of having a professional identity to partnership working. Adams et al (2006) suggests that a professional identity gives a person a set of values, expertise, role and responsibilities; for example, social workers side more with the social model and health more with the medical model. Partnership working can be complex and often brings people together who have different views on wh at is right for a service user with different approaches (Gasper, 2010). Whittington (2003) suggests that if professionals can understand what they have in common, what they can contribute individually, what can be complementary and identify the possible tensions between them; it could improve the effectiveness of partnership working. By identifying these areas clients could benefit to better services. Keeping (2006) highlights a general uncertainty from other professionals around what social workers actually do. Lack of knowledge of what each professional involved, can lead to stereotyping each worker (Lymbery, 2006). There is often no clarity around the roles of voluntary and service users in partnership working (Marks, 2007). This means that it is important for social workers and other professionals to remember what responsibilities lay with them and try to understand other professionals responsibilities to make partnership working more efficient. Seden et al (2011) suggests that social workers are often caught between care and control, finding their way through complex relationships with service users, other professionals, peers and the public. Trust is an important factor when facilitating open discussion and successful role negation, both of which are important features of inter-professional working (Barrett and Keeping, 2005). Where professionals trust each others motives, competence and dependability they are more able to manage risky situations (Lawson, 2004). Trust is an important element of a successful collaborative working relationship. Issues may arise within partnership working when there is a use of specialist language that not everyone understands (Maguire and Truscott, 2006). For example health professionals may have abbreviations that the social workers may not understand and vice versa. Communication across professions can be difficult, especially when they are not in the same location. Not being based in the same location can result in a breakdown and delays in services; this can be seen in hospital discharges for example (McCormack et al, 2008). There may be differences in status between professionals and this must be acknowledged to understand the impacts it can have on communication (Barrett and Keeping, 2005). Some practitioners perceive threats to their professional status, autonomy and control when asked to participate in more democratic decision making forums (Lloyd and Wait, 2006). There may be issues around different resources available across different professionals. Resources can be split into three areas; money, information and time. Issues around money can be acknowledged in numerous areas. One is that there are different funding cycles, separate budgets and financial pressures (Frye and Webb, 2002). Also professionals may be reluctant in funding services if there are pressures on budgets (White and Harris, 2001). Information sharing can pose constraints for partnership working. For example in Health and Social Care there are different ICT systems in place, there is a need for a universal and shared systems between Health and Social Care to improve the exchange of information (WAG, 2003). There is also reluctance around sharing information with different professionals for fear of breeching confidentiality (WAG, 2003). Partnership working also needs a sufficient amount of dedicated time for it to be effective (Atkinson, 2007). Frost and Lloyd (2006) suggest ed that time is needed for relationships to develop and trust to be built. These are key components for agreements to be made around protocols and reflection upon new professional identities (Frost and Lloyd, 2006). Partnership working may involve travelling to meetings, some of which may be long distances; this requires a lot of time (Atkinson, 2007). Currently my practice learning level three is based within the Adult Community Care Team (ACCT) which implements care plans for clients with presenting eligible needs. To ensure that clients needs are met there is a process which involves various professionals within the information gathering and care planning stages; for example social worker, health, brokerage, finance team and carer assessors. ACCT works daily with other professionals; some are within the same location such as occupational therapists and some are offsite, like doctors based in hospitals. There is a wide range or partnership working; some work more successfully than others. I have found those on site tend to be more successful as information exchange is more effective and there is a better understanding of each others roles. One particular experience I would like to focus on is during one unified assessment (UA) when I worked collaboratively with an assessor nurse. Assessor nurses are based within the local health board in another location. The reason for our partnership working was to identify if this particular client was in need of a nursing home rather than a residential home. The expertise of the nurse was vital to complete the assessment. However there were some issues within this process. Firstly we have different ICT systems so we both have access to different information; Health could only see medical records whereas I could only see Social Service records. Having two separate ICT systems also made it difficult to complete the UA and there was a duplication of work. I had to use the Social Service UA documentation and the nursing assessor had to use the health UA documentation. If there was one ICT system only one UA form would have needed to be completed. This would have saved both of us having to complete two different lots of paperwork, which essentially had the same outcomes. There was another issue of understanding specialist language and abbreviations used within Health. I found myself regularly asking for clarification. There was also a reluctance to explore continuing health care from the assessor nurse even though there were triggers. This could be down to the sheer amount of time needed to complete the decision support tool and perhaps budget restraints. There are a few examples of good partnership working that I have experienced on placement but the majority had difficulty around budgets, communication, different ICT systems, difference in languages and a lack of understating other roles. Overall this essay has highlighted the increasing focus on partnership working from a UK wide perspective and a Welsh specific context. Some policies reflect upon the issues mentioned within this essay. There appears to be a faster pace to improve partnership working within a policy context. For partnership working to be positive, there is a need for collaboration from professionals to overcome particular issues and great outcomes can be achieved. Word Count:2,377

Mexico Essays -- Geography Mexico Mexican History Essays

Mexico   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Southward from its 1,500 mile long border with the United States lies the Estados Unidos Mexicanos. A country with slightly more than 750,000 square miles in area, Mexico has a vast array of mineral resources, limited agricultural land, and a rapidly growing population. These factors are the basis for many of the country's present problems as well as opportunities for future development. The nation is struggling to modernize its economy. With more than 80 million people in the mid-1980s, Mexico's overall population density exceeds 110 per square mile. More than half of its inhabitants live in the country's central core, while the arid north and the tropical south are sparsely settled.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The stereotype of Mexico is that it is a country with a population consisting mainly of subsistence farmers has little validity. Petroleum and tourism dominate the economy, and industrialization is increasing in many parts of the nation. Internal migration from the countryside has caused urban centers to grow dramatically: more than two thirds of all Mexicans now live in cities. Mexico City, with a metropolitan area population of approximately 16 million people, is the largest city in the world. While still low by United States standards, the nation's gross national product per capita rose significantly during the 1970s. Despite impressive social and economic gains, since 1981 Mexico has been wracked by severe inflation and an enormous foreign debt brought on in large part by precipitous declines in the value of petroleum products.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Geologically, Mexico is located in one of the Earth's most dynamic areas. It is a part of the "Ring of Fire," a region around the Pacific Ocean highlighted by active volcanism and frequent seismic activity. Within the context of plate tectonics, a theory developed to explain the creation of major landform features around the world, Mexico is situated on the western, or leading, edge of the huge North American Plate. Its interaction with the Pacific, Cocos, and Caribbean plates has given rise over geologic time to the Earth- building processes that created most of Mexico. Towering peaks, like Citlaltepetl at some 18,000 feet, are extremely young in geologic terms and are examples of the volcanic forces that built much of central Mexico. The spectacular eruption of the volcano Chinchon in 1981 w... ...ch of central and southern Mexico and had established their capital at Tula in the Mesa Central. They also built the city of Teotihuacan near present-day Mexico City. At about the same time, the Zapotecs controlled the Oaxaca Valley and parts of the Southern Highlands. The cities they built at Mitla and Monte Alban remain, though they were taken over by the Mixtecs prior to the arrival of the Spanish. When the Spanish arrived in central Mexico, the Aztecs controlled most of the Mesa Central through a state tribute system that extracted taxes and political servility from conquered tribal groups. The Aztecs migrated into the Mesa Central from the north and fulfilled a tribal prophesy by establishing a city where an eagle with a snake in its beak rested on a cactus. This became the national symbol of Mexico and adorns the country's flag and official seal. The Aztecs founded the city of Tenochtitlan in the early 1300s, and it became the capital of their empire. The Tlaxcalans to the east, the Tarascans on the west, and the Chichimecs in the north were outside the Aztec domain and frequently warred with them. The nation's name derives from the Aztecs' war god, Mexitli.

Identifying and defining problems Essay

Leaders are at the forefront of every organization. They are looked upon by their subordinates in initiating the plans and goals of the organization. In essence, leaders are the guiding light of every organization whenever the latter is experiencing financial and economic woes, turmoil within the organization or disruption in the organization’s work processes. A leader has the power to lift an organization out from the ashes of ruins and into the world of success. But with great power comes great responsibility, hence a leader should have, within him, the element of skill in identifying and defining problems. Whenever an organization, say a company or a corporation, loses its edge in competing in the market wherein it is situated, there is a need for it to innovate and change. Therefore, it is the leader’s duty to instill discipline among the employees, so as to push the whole organization into motion. Although â€Å"it’s difficult to put together a group with enough power to guide the effort or to convince key individuals to spend the time necessary to create and communicate a change vision†, (Kotter, p.36) a leader should have a sense of empathy with the organization’s employees, so as to let him be aware of what the whole organization is feeling about the whole effort of innovating and changing the organization. For problems to be identified and defined there is a need for the cooperation of both the managerial leaders and the rank and file employees. In undertaking a change within an organization, people often â€Å"underestimate the enormity of the task; the work requires great cooperation, initiative, and willingness to make sacrifices from many people. † (Kotter, p. 35) Empathy comes into play here. When the people within the organization know that there leader is to be trusted, they would not hesitate to cooperate in the leader’s efforts. Innovation and change will come eventually. The absence of a major visible crisis, low overall performance standards or a lack of sufficient performance feedback contribute to complacency which, in turn, contributes to laxity in doing the work processes below quality standards. Leaders should be adept at noticing or recognizing these sources of complacency so as to remove any hindrance to an organization’s effort to innovate and change. Add to this, as requirement for a leader, the skill of good listening; for through this, misinformation within the organization would be greatly decreased. It is said that opportunity is problem turned inside out; hence organizational problems often open many windows for innovation and change. The first step in managerial problem solving is problem and opportunity identification. Tushman and O’Reilly (2002, p. 40) said that just as physicians first focus on their patients presenting symptoms, managers must identify their organization’s critical problems. This done, they can then diagnose the causes of these problems and, in turn, take action to address them—while avoiding unexpected side effects. Similarly, once opportunities are identified, managers can analyze those aspects of the current organization that will get in the way of achieving the unit’s aspirations. With the authors’ idea in mind, a leader should know the actual assessment of the organization so that he can properly implement the right strategy to a particular unit in an organization. In doing this, a leader or â€Å"manager (and his or her team) needs to be clear about the strategy, objectives and vision of the unit. Such clarity is the bedrock of managing innovation and change. Only when strategy, objectives, and vision are defined can managers move on to an honest appraisal of the current performance of their organization. † (Tushman & O’Reilly, p. 41) After the mission and goals have been set and are clear in the minds of the unit members within the organization, efforts should be made in determining how the proposed strategies will fare considering the current performance of the organization. This will provide a situation wherein the management can gauge whether the mission and goals of the organization are realistic or not. As Tushman and O’Reilly have stated, organizational performance gaps are the differences between desired and real performance. These performance gaps can be termed as opportunity gaps. When we arrive at knowing these gaps, we would really be able to clearly formulate a clear and definite strategy to use in a particular situation. But strategies won’t materialize on their own; it needs painstaking efforts to be able to arrive at these strategies. What can a leader do about this? A good leader knows that he cannot steer the whole organization, especially if it is a big one, towards its goals on his own. He needs the help of all his subordinates. It is needed for the leader to encourage the management and the rank and file employees to join him in formulating and implementing these strategies for innovation and change to be realized. It is a fact that â€Å"creative thinkers tap into their imaginations by combining and recombining ideas or concepts to make new connections. Creative thinking is really about discovering new connections through the use of the imagination, diverse stimuli, and ‘creative-connections power tools’. † (Dundon, p. 42) In addition to these approaches for identifying and defining problems and opportunities for innovation and change in an organization, Dundon stated (2002, p. 64) that a preferred method for idea generation is having an â€Å"Innovation Group† which, because of its comprehensiveness and rigorous design, goes beyond the more common brainstorming method. This allows discussing and formulating ideas at a higher level within the group. Once these approaches have been taken, what a leader should do now is to carefully evaluate how the organization reacts to these implemented strategies so as for him to make necessary corrections when the need arises. ABSTRACT There are many approaches to identify and define problems that confront a particular organization. These problems would not be addressed and be made visible without the guidance or skill of a good leader. Hence, it is needed that a leader is knowledgeable of the processes of an organization, empathic and, best of all, a great innovator himself who believes in positive results that innovation and change bring to an organization. Sources: 1) Dundon, Elaine (2002). The Seeds of Innovation. New York, American Management Association 2) Kotter, John P. (1996). Leading Change. Massachusetts, Harvard Business School Press 3) Tushman, Michael L. , & O’Reilly, Charles A. (2002). Winning Through Innovation. Massachusetts, Harvard Business School Press.